The article was published in Polish. Below is an English translation of its opening. Wersja polska
“Unprepared for war in every respect, we set to work with the optimism, energy and enthusiasm born of our boundless ignorance,” Second Lieutenant Merch Bradt Stewart of the 9th Infantry recalled of the spring days of 1898. Indeed, the outbreak of war with Spain caught the United States armed forces just after a failed attempt to reform them, and struggling with enormous difficulties in organising a war effort on a scale not seen since the Civil War.
